Face Detection and Recognition Techniques: A Quick Overview
Krati Sharma, Pushpa Choudhary "Face Detection and Recognition Techniques: A Quick Overview". International Journal of Computer Trends and Technology (IJCTT) V47(2):127-136, May 2017. ISSN:2231-2803. www.ijcttjournal.org. Published by Seventh Sense Research Group.
Abstract -
Face recognition of an individual in a
crowd is a challenging issue that has received the
deserved attention during current scenario. This is a
trivial task for brain, but cumbersome to be imitated
artificially. The commonalities in faces does pose a
problem on various grounds but features such as skin
color, gender differentiate a person from the other.
This can be attributed to its various applications in
different fields such as content-based image retrieval,
video coding, video conferencing, crowd
surveillance, and intelligent human–computer
interfaces. There has been significant contribution to
the solution of this problem by various researchers.
This review paper is a study of various techniques
being used for face recognition. A face recognition
system includes three steps viz face detection, feature
extraction and face recognition. Various recognition
techniques and descriptions of representative
methods have also been covered. The majority of face
recognition methods have been developed by
scientists with a very technical background such as
biometry, pattern recognition and computer vision.
The concepts and practical issues relating to the
application of each step of a face recognition system
and their various strategies are given, without going
into technical details.
References
[1] Rubiyah Yusof,Nenny Rosli and Marzuki Khalid, Tropical
Wooda Species Recognition based on Gabor Filtres International
conference IEEE,,october 2009.
[2] Suman Sedai and Phill Kyu Rhee , ?Bio inspired Adaboost
method for Efficient Face Recognition: A Survey ?, IEEE Frontiers
in the convergence of Bioscience and Information Technology
,July 2007.
[3] H. A. Rowley, S. Baluja, T. Kanade, ?Neural Network-Based
Face Detection?, IEEE Trans. On Pattern Analysis and Machine
Intelligence, vol.20, No. 1, Page(s). 39-51, 1998.
[4] Lin-Lin Huang, Akinobu Shimizu, and Hidefumi Kobatake,
Classification Based Face Detection using Gabour Filter Features,
Proceeding of 6th IEEE International
[5] Réda Adjoudj , ?‘Détection & Reconnaissance des Visages En
utilisant les Réseaux de Neurones Artificiels‘‘, Thèse de
MAGISTER, Spécialité Informatique, Option Intelligence
artificielle, Université de Djillali Liabès, département
d‘informatique, SBA, Algeria, October 2002.
[6] Henry A.Rowley ,‘‘Neural Network-based face detection‘‘
PhD thesis, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, USA, May
1999.
[7] Jeffrey S. Norris,‘‘ Face Detection and Recognition in Office
Environments‘‘, Submitted to the Department of Electrical
Engineering and Computer Science in Partial Fulfillment of the
Requirements for the Degree of Master of Engineering in
Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at the Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, M.I.T, USA, May 21, 1999.
[9] Howard Demuth, Mark Beale, ?Neural Network Toolbox
User‘s Guide For Use with MATLAB, by The MathWorks,
Inc.1998.
[10]. L. C. De Silva, K. Aizawa, and M. Hatori, Detection and
tracking of facial features by using a facial feature model and
deformable circular template, IEICE Trans. Inform. Systems E78–
D(9), 1995, 1195–1207
[11] S. H. Jeng, H. Y. M. Liao, C. C. Han, M. Y. Chern, and Y. T.
Liu, Facial feature detection using geometrical face model: An
efficient approach, Pattern Recog. 31, 1998
[12] A. L. Yuille, P. W. Hallinan, and D. S. Cohen, Feature
extraction from faces using deformable templates, Int. J. Comput.
Vision 8, 1992, 99–111.M.-H. Yang, N. Ahuja, and D. Kriegman,
2000, Face detection using mixtures of linearsubspaces, in
Proceedings Fourth IEEE International Conference on Automatic
Face andGesture Recognition, H. A. Rowley, S. Baluja, and T.
Kanade,1998 Neural networkbasedface detection, IEEE Trans.
Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 20, January 1998, 23–38.
[13] H. Schneiderman and T. Kanade, 1998, Probabilistic
modeling of local appearance and spatial relationships for object
recognition, in IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern
Recognition,
[14] TURK, M. AND PENTLAND, A. 1991. Eigenfaces for
recognition. J. Cogn. Neurosci.3, 72–86.
[15] LIU, C. AND WECHSLER,H. 2000a. Evolutionary pursuit
and its application to face recognition. IEEE Trans. Patt. Anal.
Mach. Intell. 22, 570–582
[16] LIN, S. H., KUNG, S. Y., AND LIN, L. J. 1997. Face
recognition/detection by Probabilistic decision based neural
network. IEEE Trans. Neural Netw. 8, 114–132
[17] OKADA, K., STEFFANS, J., MAURER, T., HONG, H.,
ELAGIN, E., NEVEN, H., ANDMALSBURG, C. V. D. 1998. The
Bochum/USC Face Recognition System and how it fared in the
FERET Phase III Test.
[18] NEFIAN, A. V. AND HAYES III, M. H. 1998. Hidden
Markov models for face recognition. In Proceedings, International
Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing. 2721–
2724
[19] PENTLAND, A., MOGHADDAM, B., AND STARNER, T.
1994. View-based and modular Eigenspaces for face recognition.
In Proceedings, IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern
Recognition
[20] HEISELE, B., SERRE, T., PONTIL, M., AND POGGIO, T.
2001. Component-based face detection. In Proceedings, IEEE
Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
[21]. HEISELE, B., SERRE, T., PONTIL, M., AND POGGIO, T.
2001. Component-based face detection. In Proceedings, IEEE
Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition.
[22] F.Samaira and S. Young , ?HMM based architecture for Face
Identification,Image and Computer Vision, vol. 12, pp. 537-
583,October 1994.
[23]Zhengyou Zhang,Michael Lyons,Michael Schuster and
Shigeru Akamatsu, Comparison Between Geometry Based and
Gabor –wavelets Based Facial Expression Recognition Using
Multi Layer Perceptron? GVIP 05 Conference, December 2004,
CICC, France.
[24] Guoqiang Peter Zhang, Neural Networks for Classification:
A Survey IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and
Cybernetics—Part C: Applications and Reviews,page 451, vol. 30,
no. 4, November 2000.
Keywords
Face detection; Recognition; Neural
Network; Eigenfaces; Hidden Markov.